[摘要] 目的：探讨新生儿气胸的病因及治疗方法。方法：43例气胸患儿中12例给予镇静、面罩吸氧等保守治疗；31例先行患侧胸腔穿刺抽气治疗后，6例行胸腔闭式引流术治疗。结果：43例气胸患儿，痊愈出院39例，死亡3例，自动出院1例。6例患儿行胸腔闭式引流术，胸腔闭式引流时间平均5~10 d，胸液引流量为0~150 ml，均顺利拔除胸腔闭式引流管。结论：胸腔穿刺抽气及胸腔闭式引流术是治疗新生儿气胸的有效措施，应根据肺压缩体积大小、临床表现以及血气分析结果选择合适的治疗方案。

    [关键词] 新生儿气胸；胸腔闭式引流；机械通气；临床观察

    [中图分类号] R725.6 [文献标识码]C [文章编号]1674-4721(2011)08(a)-188-02

    Clinical observation of 43 newborns with pneumothorax

    KONG Yuxian

    Department of Pediatrics, the People's Hospital of Puyang, Henan Province, Puyang 457000, China

    [Abstract] Objective: To investigate the cause and treatment of pneumothorax in newborn. Methods: 43 newborns with pneumothorax were selected. 12 cases were treated with sedatives, oxygen masks and other conservative therapy; 31 cases had pumping decompression by pleural puncture, after which 6 cases had closed thoractic drainage. Results: After the treatment, 39 cases were cured and 1 case was automatically discharged, while 3 cases were dead. The results of 6 cases which had closed thoractic drainage showed that the mean duration of drainage ranged from 5 to 10 d, the drainage amount was from 0 to 150 ml, and closed thoractic drainage tubes were all removed successfully. Conclusion: Pumping decompression by pleural puncture and closed thoractic drainage are the effective measures in the treatment of pneumothorax in newborn. Appropriate treatment should be chosen based on lung compression degree, clinical manifestation and results of blood gas analysis. ......